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Direct linkYang, Tian-Xiao; Zhang, Shi-Yu; Wang, Ya; Su, Xiao-Min; Yuan, Chen-Wei; Lui, Simon S. Y.; Chan, Raymond C. K. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2023
Prospective memory (PM) refers to the ability to remember and complete planned tasks in the future, which relies on working memory (WM) for encoding and maintaining the intention. Implementation intention is a useful strategy for improving PM function in adults. Yet the effect of implementation intentions in children, and whether factors such as…
Descriptors: Memory, Children, Intention, Age Differences
Ann Folker; Christina Bertrand; Yelim Hong; Laurence Steinberg; Natasha Duell; Lei Chang; Laura Di Giunta; Kenneth A. Dodge; Sevtap Gurdal; Daranee Junla; Jennifer E. Lansford; Paul Oburu; Concetta Pastorelli; Ann T. Skinner; Emma Sorbring; Marc H. Bornstein; Liliana Maria Uribe Tirado; Saengduean Yotanyamaneewong; Liane Peña Alampay; Suha M. Al-Hassan; Dario Bacchini; Kirby Deater-Deckard – Developmental Science, 2025
Executive functioning (EF) is an important developing self-regulatory process that has implications for academic, social, and emotional outcomes. Most work in EF has focused on childhood, and less has examined the development of EF throughout adolescence and into emerging adulthood. The present study assessed longitudinal trajectories of EF from…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Adolescents, Young Adults, Age Differences
Forsberg, Alicia; Guitard, Dominic; Adams, Eryn J.; Pattanakul, Duangporn; Cowan, Nelson – Developmental Science, 2022
We explored the causal role of individual and age-related differences in working memory (WM) capacity in long-term memory (LTM) retrieval. Our sample of 160 participants included 120 children (6-13-years old) and 40 young adults (18-24 years). Participants performed a WM task with images of unique everyday items, presented at varying set sizes.…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Short Term Memory, Individual Differences, Age Differences
Download full textSam Ihlenfeldt; Gregory K. W. K. Chung; Susan Lyons; Jordan Lawson; Elizabeth J. K. H. Redman – National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing (CRESST), 2025
In this evaluation study, we investigated the extent to which Solitaired.com's online game, Solitaire, could be used to model players' performance on several validated cognitive tests commonly associated with mental acuity (i.e., memory and processing speed). Prior research found that Solitaire gameplay is affected by mild cognitive impairment and…
Descriptors: Computer Games, Cognitive Tests, Cognitive Processes, Reaction Time
Christoph Bamberg; Sarah Weigelt; Klara Hagelweide – npj Science of Learning, 2025
Learning behavioural responses and adapting them based on feedback is crucial from a young age, continuing to develop into young adulthood. This study examines the development trajectory and contributing factors from childhood to adulthood using a reversal learning paradigm. We tested 202 participants aged 10 to 22 in an online study, where they…
Descriptors: Early Adolescents, Individual Development, Learning, Age Differences
Yang, Yingying; Li, Weijia; Wang, Qi – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2022
Relatively few studies have directly examined children's memory of object-based spatial structure of room-sized environments. The current study investigated how children remember the spatial structure of a room, and the role of pictorial working memory (WM) and different testing perspectives in this process. In Experiment 1, 80 children aged 5 to…
Descriptors: Young Children, Spatial Ability, Memory, Short Term Memory
Jee Eun Sung; Eunha Jo; Sujin Choi; Jiyeon Lee – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2024
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether older adults exhibit reduced abilities in coordinating lexical retrieval and syntactic formulation during sentence production and whether an individual's working memory capacity predicts age-related changes in sentence production. Method: A total of 124 Korean-speaking individuals (79 young…
Descriptors: Older Adults, Language Processing, Sentences, Short Term Memory
Rebecca Treiman; Jacqueline Hulslander; Erik G. Willcutt; Bruce F. Pennington; Richard K. Olson – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
The goal of the present study was to test theories about the extent to which individual differences in word reading align with those in spelling and the extent to which other cognitive and linguistic skills play different roles in word reading and spelling. Using data from 1,116 children ranging from 8 to 17 years, we modeled word reading and…
Descriptors: Reading Ability, Spelling, Individual Differences, Children
Mollie Hamilton; Tessyia Roper; Erik Blaser; Zsuzsa Kaldy – Developmental Psychology, 2024
Proactive interference (PI) occurs when previously learned memories compete with currently relevant information. Despite extensive literature investigating the effect in adults, little work has been done in young children. In three preregistered studies (N = 38, 35, 172; convenience samples from the Northeastern United States), first, we showed…
Descriptors: Interference (Learning), Cognitive Ability, Recall (Psychology), Retention (Psychology)
Catharina Tibken; Tobias Richter; Wienke Wannagat – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2024
Purpose: To understand complex expository text, readers often engage in metacognitive comprehension monitoring. Metacognitive monitoring is assumed to rely on basic cognitive abilities (working memory updating, short-term memory, verbal intelligence). These abilities decrease in later adulthood. We thus compared younger and older adults in their…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Cognitive Ability, Performance, Age Differences
Wenling Jiang; Songcheng Xie; Linjun Zhang; Hua Shu; Yang Zhang – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2025
Purpose: This cross-sectional study investigated the development of voice recognition (VR) from childhood to adulthood and the relationship between VR and two linguistic skills (i.e., phonological awareness [PA] and phonological working memory [PWM]). Method: The participants, comprising 25 children (aged 8-9 years), 25 adolescents (aged 12-13…
Descriptors: Recognition (Psychology), Phonological Awareness, Short Term Memory, Children
Chen Kuang; Xiaoxiang Chen; Fei Chen – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2024
Age, babble noise, and working memory have been found to affect the recognition of emotional prosody based on non-tonal languages, yet little is known about how exactly they influence tone-language-speaking children's recognition of emotional prosody. In virtue of the tectonic theory of Stroop effects and the Ease of Language Understanding (ELU)…
Descriptors: Suprasegmentals, Mandarin Chinese, Children, Adults
Carolina Guedes; Tiago Ferreira; Marina Serra de Lemos; Joana Cadima – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2025
This longitudinal study explores the associations between children's executive functions at the beginning of preschool and their learning behaviors, namely competence motivation and attentional persistence, at the end of preschool. Participants were 218 Portuguese children (M[subscript age]= 40.4 months, SD= 4.2; 52% boys) and their preschool…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Preschool Children, Competence, Student Motivation
Xinhe Zhang; Elizabeth A. Gunderson – Journal of Numerical Cognition, 2025
Spatial skills are critical for learning in STEM areas and are affected by spatial anxiety and working memory. Prior work also showed that there are interaction effects between spatial anxiety and verbal working memory (WM) on spatial skills, such that the negative relation between spatial anxiety and spatial skills is stronger among higher- than…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, STEM Education, Anxiety, Short Term Memory
Ahmed, Sammy F.; Ellis, Alexa; Ward, Kaitlin P.; Chaku, Natasha; Davis-Kean, Pamela E. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
We leveraged nationally representative data from the Panel study of Income Dynamics-Child Development Supplement (N = 3,562) and the Early Childhood Longitudinal study (N = 18,174), to chart the development of working memory, indexed via verbal forward and backward digit span task performance, from 3 to 19 years of age. Results revealed nonlinear…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Longitudinal Studies, Children, Adolescents
