Instructions were given to first and sixth graders to use an imagery-retrieval strategy in recalling 18 paired associates. (SS)

Twelve- and 18-year-olds learned a list of paired associates; experimental subjects were instructed in mnemonics, while controls simply learned the pairings. When subjects were presented a list of Latin nouns and their translations to learn, spontaneous transfer of the mnemonic strategy occurred only among 18-year-olds. (Author/GDC)

Study demonstrates the powerful facilitative effects of both sentences and interactive pictures in PA tasks, replicating previous findings. (Authors/MB)

This study explored the developmental changes in children's effective utilization of verbal versus pictorial stimuli in forming connections between stimulus and response elements in a paired-associate task. A total of 112 children (56 males and 56 females), half of them 4-year-olds and half 8-year-olds, were tested under eight conditions involving…

A skilled cognitive theorist might help behaviorists resolve inconsistencies found from their experimentation with imaginal mnemonics in paired-associate and serial learning tasks. Iconic cognition which relegates verbal processes to short-term storage and output systems is inadequate to explain the verbal coding and elaboration processes…