Addressing inequities in the educational outcomes--particularly for students of color and students from low-income backgrounds--cannot happen without comparable data from statewide summative assessments. Statewide assessment results help schools and district leaders target state and local resources to the students and schools with the greatest…

The Second Session of the 99th Nebraska Legislature, convened in 2007, produced an educational idea that was unique in the United States: The Learning Community of the Omaha metropolitan area. Aimed at creating greater educational funding equity, integrating the young people of the Omaha area, and improving student learning achievement, the…

Background: Comprehensive, enforced tobacco-free school (TFS) policies lead to significant reductions in youth tobacco use. North Carolina is the first state in the United States to develop a statewide mass media campaign to promote the adoption of and compliance with TFS policies. Methods: In order to guide campaign development, researchers…

State and local educators encountered both opportunities and obstacles in their first year of implementing the School Improvement Grants (SIGs) funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA). In 2009, the ARRA, better known as the economic stimulus package, provided $3 billion for SIGs to help reform persistently low-achieving…

Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act of 1871 was designed as a flexible and broadly scoped statute to restrict a wide variety of actions of state officials. During the past 15 years the number of court cases in which provisions of the 1871 act have been applied to school-related issues has increased geometrically. In 1961 the provisions of the act…

This 1912 educational directory published by the United States Bureau of Education covers the following categories: (1) Chief State school officers; (2) Officers of State boards of education; (3) Executive officers of State library commissions; (4) Superintendents in cities and towns of 4,000 population and over; (5) County superintendents; (6)…

This 1936 educational directory published by the Office of Education contains four parts. Part I, "State and County School Officers," contains: (1) Principal State school officers; and (2) County and other local superintendents of schools. Part II, "Principal City School Officers and Catholic Parochial School Superintendents,"…

This 1939 educational directory published by the Office of Education is presented in four parts. Part I, "Principal State and County School Officers," contains: (1) Principal State school officers; and (2) County and other local superintendents of schools. Part II, "City School Officers," contains: (1) Principal city school officers; and (2)…

This 1920-1921 educational directory published by the Bureau of Education covers the following categories: (1) The United States Bureau of Education; (2) Department of State: Educational activities; (3) Department of War: Educational Activities; (4) Department of the Navy: Educational Activities; (5) Department of the Interior: Educational…

Part 1 of the education directories for 1936, 1937, 1938, and 1939 covers federal and state education agencies. U.S. Department of Interior Office of Education officials, principal state school officers, and county and other local superintendents are listed. Part 2 lists principal city school officers and Catholic parochial school superintendents.…