The probability is exceptional in the teaching of mathematics because students often have difficulties to understand the basic terms and the problem solving strategies. Understanding lacks of the probability concept and various types of misconceptions arise from the misleading intuition and misinterpretations of experience with the stochastic…

The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of using computer for developing arithmetical skills of students with mathematics learning difficulty (MLD). The study was carried out with pre-test - post-test single subject research design. The participants of the study consist of a girl and two boys who attend 3rd grade at elementary school.…

In recent times, the endangerment of Yorùbá has highly been speculated among Yorùbá intellectuals, indigenes and enthusiasts alike. In an effort to promote the learning and use of Yorùbá numeral system in carrying out day-to-day activities and transactions, the development of a Yorùbá arithmetic learning system will help bridge the gap between…

Addressed are four key issues regarding concrete instruction: What is concrete? What is a worthwhile concrete experience? How can concrete experiences be used effectively in early childhood mathematics instruction? Is there evidence such experiences work? I argue that concrete experiences are those that build on what is familiar to a child and can…

One hundred and seventy-eight second grade students from two states (Georgia and Massachusetts) participated in an experiment in which they were randomly assigned to either (1) a computer program designed to increase fluency in addition and subtraction, (2) a program designed to improve cognitive strategy use for addition and subtraction, (3) a…

This study investigated the effectiveness of "Math Explorer" at enhancing the word problem-solving skills of students with mathematics difficulties (MD). The study, which had a multiple-probe-across-subjects design, was conducted over 18 weeks. Four students with MD in Grades 2 and 3 participated. All students were able to use the four-step…

This study developed a computer-assisted mathematical problem-solving system in the form of a network instruction website to help low-achieving second- and third-graders in mathematics with word-based addition and subtraction questions in Taiwan. According to Polya's problem-solving model, the system is designed to guide these low-achievers…

A computer-generated game called Fish Chase was developed to present drill-and-practice exercises on addition facts. The subjects of the study were 19 second-grade pupils. The results indicate a computer game can be used effectively to increase proficiency with basic facts. (MP)

Thirty elementary-level learning-disabled and 30 nondisabled students were trained on addition using either a drill-and-practice task within an arcade gamelike context or a straightforward drill. The straightforward drill was more effective than the game format for learning-disabled students. (Author/JDD)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of three instructional strategies on arithmetic achievement. The instructional strategies used in the study were drill, drill with feedback, and mixed drill. The materials were remedial in nature and were presented via computer-assisted instruction. The subjects for the study were junior…

Four 2nd-grade students completed addition problems on a computer, using video games as reinforcers. Two variable ratio schedules of reinforcement failed to increase student accuracy or the rate of correct responses. In a no-games reinforcement condition, students had more opportunities to respond and had a greater number of correct answers.…

This article reviews briefly some of the research related to the development of automaticity for recall of basic math facts, reports on a research project with six fourth- and fifth-grade students, and gives teaching suggestions for the development of automaticity. (PB)

This book is one in a series of teacher resource books developed to: (1) rescue students from the clutches of computers that drill and control; and (2) supply teachers with computer activities compatible with a mathematics program that emphasizes investigation, problem solving, creativity, and hypothesis making and testing. This is not a book…

This evaluation study with 94 elementary students (50 with mild mental handicap) compared computer-assisted instruction (CAI) and paper-and-pencil practices in promoting automatization of basic addition and subtraction skills. Findings suggested CAI was more effective but that the students with mental handicap required more practice than…

Description of a validated computer assisted instruction (CAI) program (The Addition Tutorial) illustrates how four critical components for instruction--learning principles application to instructional design; sufficient database; adequate motivational system; and delivery system which provides teacher learning environment control--might be…