Code-switching research has focused on spontaneous conversation, and code-switching has often been seen as a consequence of bilinguals attending to and extending the "macro" status and functions of the two languages in society, attitudes towards these languages, and their cultural connotations, for instance, the "we-code" vs.…

Cued American English (CAE) is a visual variety of English derived from a mode of communication called Cued Speech (CS). CS, or cueing, is a system of communication for use with the deaf, which consists of hand shapes, hand placements, and mouth shapes that signify the phonemic information conventionally conveyed through speech in spoken…

Reports on a small scale project on language choice in reflective discussions by a group of teachers participating in a teacher education program at the University of Witwatersand in Johannesburg, South Africa. While required to demonstrate aspects of "reflexive competence" in English only, the participants long for opportunities for…

Examines the English-language motif in five non-English-language films in the context of the cultural background of each film and its overall thematic concerns. In each case, the use of English is shown to be integral to the film's meaning. (28 references) (GLR)

Describes some aspects of "interlingual contagion" between siSwati and English in Swaziland, focusing on borrowing and code switching and the derived "Englishization of siSwati and Swazification of English. These phenomena are examined via a mode of bilingualism that presumes that all languages carry indexical meanings both on…

CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) is a term widely used in Europe to refer to different forms of content based education, often conducted in English. Earlier research on CLIL has tended to focus on matters of language learning or content mastery rather than on details of classroom interaction. This paper investigates how English is…

Explores verbal strategies involving code-switching (English terms used in Chinese-based interactions) in the speech community of a Taiwanese teacher's college. Code-switching is described in terms of the fulfillment of language functions and is shown to express a linguistic style concerned with communicative appropriateness and social identity.…

A paradigm gap has prevented research on second language acquisition theory and indigenized varieties of English from making substantive contributions to each other. The varieties of English represent several significant sociolinguistic and psycholinguistic variables, the investigation of which will put second language acquisition theory on firmer…

The academic literature on issues related to the Philippine English language and literature is substantial. This bibliography surveys relevant work on such related fields as the sociology of language and language planning, Bilingualism, bilingual education, and languages in education, language attitudes, code-switching and code-mixing, Philippine…

Discusses the major directions taken by Sri Lankan English fiction in the 1980's in developing style ranges appropriate for the expression of new social realities. Four works of fiction are used to illustrate progress towards this goal. (42 references) (Author/OD)

Reviews the major works on code switching in Hong Kong to date. Four context-specific motivations commonly found in the Hong Kong Chinese Press--euphemism, specificity, bilingual punning, and principle of economy--are adduced to show that English is one of the important linguistic resources used by Chinese Hongkongers to fulfill a variety of…

Examines the linguistic features of Tok Pisin (the Papua New Guinea variety of Melanesian Pidgin) resulting from decreolization and the linguistic features of Papua New Guinea English. Discusses code-switching and transference between Tok Pisin and English and concludes that an English-to-pidgin continuum does not exist in Papua New Guinea or in…

Investigates Jordanian university students' attitudes toward code-switching (CS) and code mixing (CM) to find out when and why they code switch and the most frequent English expressions that they use in Arabic discourse. A three-section questionnaire was distributed to students (n=352). Students show both positive and negative attitudes toward…