A primary concern of teachers should be teaching students to value, to intellectually understand, and critically appraise values of three types: procedural, behavioral, substantive. (Author/SE)

Eighteen ways to informally evaluate cognitive objectives are discussed: grafitti walls; newspapers; card sorts; crossword puzzles; visualizing; debates; audio-visual narratives; ABC lists; concept trees; mini textbooks; incomplete charts; brainstorming; checking guides; logs and journals; drama; manipulative events; student-made tests; student…

The complete lesson enables the teacher to relate teaching strategies to levels of cognitive behavior, and stems from the belief that higher levels of cognitive behavior are developed only after a learner first acquires information and then puts that information to use. (Author)

The need for relevant objectives and sound evaluation in the social studies is discussed. (SD)

Researchers have noted that one of the key skills critical to proficient teaching is verbal questioning. With teachers asking about 300 to 400 questions per day and, depending on the type of lesson, as many as 120 questions per hour, it is essential that they be skilled in using verbal questioning. Unfortunately, researchers studying teachers' use…

Describes and evaluates an environmental studies student teacher program, Project LEAP, (Learning Environment, Achievement, and Performance), which is designed to emphasize action learning through selected field experiences of an interdisciplinary nature. (Author/DB)