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Direct linkCynthia Puranik; Hongli Li; Ying Guo – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2024
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the direct and indirect relations between short-term memory (STM), reading, oral language, and writing at the letter, word, and discourse levels in young, developing writers both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Method: Participants were 449 English-speaking kindergarten students (52% female)…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Oral Language, Vocabulary, Alphabets
