Mathematical writing recently has been defined as writing to reason and communicate mathematically. But mathematics instructional resources lack guidance for teachers as to how to implement such writing. The purpose of this paper is to describe how methods of design-based research were used to develop an instructional resource when one does not…

Legal aspects of field trips are addressed, with special attention on planning and implementation aspects which warrant legal consideration. Suggestions are based on information obtained from studies which reviewed and analyzed court cases, with recommendations geared to lessen the likelihood that negligence suits will result if students sustain…

Recommendations for successful mainstreaming of mentally retarded students into the science classroom are discussed. Laying the groundwork, social integration, instructional strategies, the curriculum, and evaluation are each considered. (MNS)