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Harwell, Michael; Moreno, Mario; Phillips, Alison; Guzey, S. Selcen; Moore, Tamara J.; Roehrig, Gillian H. – School Science and Mathematics, 2015
The purpose of this study was to develop, scale, and validate assessments in engineering, science, and mathematics with grade appropriate items that were sensitive to the curriculum developed by teachers. The use of item response theory to assess item functioning was a focus of the study. The work is part of a larger project focused on increasing…
Descriptors: STEM Education, Psychometrics, Test Construction, Test Items
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Forbes, Cory T.; Biggers, Mandy; Zangori, Laura – School Science and Mathematics, 2013
Within the field of science education, there remains little agreement as to the definition and characteristics of classroom inquiry. The emerging emphasis on scientific practices in science education reform discourse is underpinned by a need to better articulate the constituent elements of inquiry-based science. While a small number of…
Descriptors: Elementary School Science, Inquiry, Scientific Literacy, Protocol Materials
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Slough, Scott W.; Rupley, William H. – School Science and Mathematics, 2010
The purpose of this article is to focus on the development and refinement of a science instructional design program arguing for the feasibility and usability of integrated reading and science instruction as implemented in third- and fourth-grade science classrooms to meet the learning needs of diverse learners. These instructional components are…
Descriptors: Instructional Design, Science Activities, Hands on Science, Vocabulary Development