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Courbois, Yannick; Farran, Emily K.; Lemahieu, Axelle; Blades, Mark; Mengue-Topio, Hursula; Sockeel, Pascal – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
The aim of this study was to assess wayfinding abilities in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). The ability to learn routes though a virtual environment (VE) and to make a novel shortcut between two locations was assessed in individuals with DS (N = 10) and control participants individually matched on mental age (MA) or chronological age (CA).…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Mental Age, Simulation, Comparative Analysis
Roch, Maja; Florit, Elena; Levorato, Chiara – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
Deriving the meaning of unknown words from context and its relationship to text comprehension was investigated in 24 individuals with Down syndrome and in 24 typically developing children matched for the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) score. The study consisted of three phases. Unknown words were identified during the first phase (PPVT).…
Descriptors: Linguistics, Semantics, Down Syndrome, Vocabulary Development
Borella, Erika; Carretti, Barbara; Lanfranchi, Silvia – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
The cognitive profile of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) is known to be characterized by an impaired executive functioning, but inhibition-related processes have not been extensively examined in this setting. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether individuals with DS have any specific or general deficit in inhibitory…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Mental Age
Carretti, Barbara; Lanfranchi, Silvia; Mammarella, Irene C. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
Earlier research showed that visuospatial working memory (VSWM) is better preserved in Down syndrome (DS) than verbal WM. Some differences emerged, however, when VSWM performance was broken down into its various components, and more recent studies revealed that the spatial-simultaneous component of VSWM is more impaired than the spatial-sequential…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Short Term Memory, Spatial Ability, Cognitive Ability
Pereira, Karina; Basso, Renata Pedrolongo; Lindquist, Ana Raquel Rodrigues; da Silva, Louise Gracelli Pereira; Tudella, Eloisa – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
The literature is bereft of information about the age at which infants with Down syndrome (DS) acquire motor skills and the percentage of infants that do so by the age of 12 months. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the difference in age, in relation to typical infants, at which motor skills were acquired and the percentage of infants with DS…
Descriptors: Motor Development, Infants, Down Syndrome, Psychomotor Skills
de Campos, Ana Carolina; da Costa, Carolina Souza Neves; Savelsbergh, Geert J. P.; Rocha, Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
During infant development, objects and their functions are learned by means of active exploration. Factors that may influence exploration include reaching and grasping ability, object properties and the presence of developmental disorders. We assessed the development of exploratory actions in 16 typically-developing (TD) infants and 9 infants with…
Descriptors: Infants, Down Syndrome, Interaction, Child Development
Rigoldi, Chiara; Galli, Manuela; Cimolin, Veronica; Camerota, Filippo; Celletti, Claudia; Tenore, Nunzio; Albertini, Giorgio – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2012
People suffering from Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) hypermobility type present a severe ligament laxity that results in difficulties in muscle force transmission. The same condition is present in people suffering from Down syndrome (DS) even if their clumsy movements are due to cerebral and cognitive impairments. The aim of this study was to…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Psychomotor Skills, Physical Disabilities, Genetic Disorders
Johns, Adam; Homewood, Judi; Stevenson, Richard; Taylor, Alan – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2012
This study examined differences in implicit and explicit memory performance between people with Down syndrome (DS), their siblings, children matched on mental age, and university undergraduates, using olfactory stimuli. The DS and mental-age matched participants were also compared on two tasks of executive function. The data revealed implicit…
Descriptors: Siblings, Stimuli, Down Syndrome, Memory
Vakil, Eli; Lifshitz-Zehavi, Hefziba – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2012
Raven matrices are used for assessing fluid intelligence and the intellectual level of groups with low intelligence. Our study addresses qualitative analysis of information processing in Raven matrices performance among individuals with intellectual disability with that of their typically developed (TD) counterparts. Twenty-three adults with…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Down Syndrome, Mental Retardation, Cognitive Processes
Hattier, Megan A.; Matson, Johnny L.; Belva, Brian; Kozlowski, Ali – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2012
Challenging behaviors are frequently studied in individuals with various developmental disabilities, although specific conditions are rarely compared to one another. Such data would be informative to clinicians who assess and develop treatment plans for children with these disabilities. For that reason, the current study's aim was to analyze…
Descriptors: Infants, Toddlers, Down Syndrome, Cerebral Palsy
Hamed, Ragaa R.; Maharem, Tahany M.; Abdel-Meguid, Nagwa; Sabry, Gilane M.; Abdalla, Abdel-Monem; Guneidy, Rasha A. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Down syndrome (DS) is the phenotypic manifestation of trisomy 21. Our study was concerned with the characterization and purification of glutathione S-transferase enzyme (GST) from normal and Down syndrome (DS) erythrocytes to illustrate the difference in the role of this enzyme in the cell. Glutathione S-transferase and glutathione (GSH) was…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Children, Biochemistry, Kinetics
Gonzalez-Aguero, Alejandro; Matute-Llorente, Angel; Gomez-Cabello, Alba; Casajus, Jose A.; Vicente-Rodriguez, German – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
The present study aimed to determine the effect of 20 weeks of whole body vibration (WBV) on the body composition of adolescents with Down syndrome (DS). Thirty adolescent with DS were divided into two groups: control and WBV. Whole body, upper and lower limbs body fat and lean body mass were measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)…
Descriptors: Program Effectiveness, Comparative Analysis, Measurement Equipment, Training
Strydom, Andre; Chan, Trevor; King, Michael; Hassiotis, Angela; Livingston, Gill – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
Dementia may be more common in older adults with intellectual disability (ID) than in the general population. The increased risk for Alzheimer's disease in people with Down syndrome (DS) is well established, but much less is known about dementia in adults with ID who do not have DS. We estimated incidence rates from a longitudinal study of…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Risk, Age, Alzheimers Disease
Costanzo, Floriana; Varuzza, Cristiana; Menghini, Deny; Addona, Francesca; Gianesini, Tiziana; Vicari, Stefano – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
Executive functions are a set of high cognitive abilities that control and regulate other functions and behaviors and are crucial for successful adaptation. Deficits in executive functions are frequently described in developmental disorders, which are characterized by disadaptive behavior. However, executive functions are not widely examined in…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Adolescents, Inhibition, Attention
Gonzalez-Aguero, Alejandro; Ara, Ignacio; Moreno, Luis A.; Vicente-Rodriguez, German; Casajus, Jose A. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
The present study aimed at comparing fat and lean masses between children and adolescents with and without Down syndrome (DS) and evaluating the presence of sexual dimorphism. Total and regional fat and lean masses were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and the percentage of body fat (%BF) by air-displacement plethysmography (ADP)…
Descriptors: Body Composition, Down Syndrome, Children, Adolescents