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Multiple Disabilities3
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Psychomotor Skills2
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Auditory Stimuli1
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Behavior Patterns1
Environmental Influences1
Innovation1
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Research in Developmental…3
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Saunders, Muriel D.3
Saunders, Richard R.3
Hekker, Bob1
Henderson, Karen1
Kedziorski, Terri1
Mulugeta, Akalu1
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Innovation of a Reinforcer Preference Assessment with the Difficult to Test
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Saunders, Muriel D.; Saunders, Richard R. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
In this study, we continued evaluation of a two-choice preference assessment aimed at identifying a hierarchy of reinforcers for individuals with only one voluntary motor sequence--closing and releasing an adaptive switch. We assessed preferences among types of sensory stimulation in 6 adults with multiple profound impairments using concurrent…
Descriptors: Psychomotor Skills, Stimulation, Reinforcement, Innovation
A Novel Method for Testing Learning and Preferences in People with Minimal Motor Movement
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Saunders, Muriel D.; Saunders, Richard R.; Mulugeta, Akalu; Henderson, Karen; Kedziorski, Terri; Hekker, Bob; Wilson, Shan – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2005
Ten individuals with profound multiple impairments were given novel tests for learning and preference with adaptive switches and leisure-oriented devices, such as audio tape players. Typically, tests for learning include a baseline or extinction component in which the adaptive switch and device are not connected as a control for incidental or…
Descriptors: Learning, Responses, Multiple Disabilities, Psychomotor Skills
Effects of Ambient Stimuli on Measures of Behavioral State and Microswitch Use in Adults with Profound Multiple Impairments
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Murphy, Kathleen M.; Saunders, Muriel D.; Saunders, Richard R.; Olswang, Lesley B. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2004
The effects of different types and amounts of environmental stimuli (visual and auditory) on microswitch use and behavioral states of three individuals with profound multiple impairments were examined. The individual's switch use and behavioral states were measured under three setting conditions: natural stimuli (typical visual and auditory…
Descriptors: Measures (Individuals), Multiple Disabilities, Visual Stimuli, Auditory Stimuli