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Direct linkSparks, Richard L.; Alamer, Abdullah – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2023
Although studies have consistently found negative correlations between second language (L2) anxiety and L2 achievement, the anxiety concept is criticized for the failure to consider confounding variables, particularly first language (L1) achievement, in the relationship between language anxiety and language achievement. Also, past studies tend to…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Native Language, Language Fluency, Achievement
