A major concern of online learning is the absence of face-to-face student-instructor interaction and student-to-student interaction, leading researchers to examine practical approaches to keep students engaged in the online learning environment. Synchronous methods have become a growing opportunity for student engagement in the online environment.…

The following study was framed around a simple question: when a group of people is engaged in video conferencing, "what sort of things can they do to improve their group dynamics?" This is an important question for current and future educational practice because web-based video conferencing has increasingly become an important tool for…

Taking into consideration some gaps observed in SLA research--noticing, recasts, input enhancement (IE),…-- and in CALL/CMC research, a study was conducted among 12 advanced FL Spanish learners to assess whether and how, by communicating with a Spanish native speaker in 5 chat-room sessions, their language competence would develop in the following…