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Direct linkShepherd, Keegan J. – ProQuest LLC, 2017
Standardized testing is a defining feature of contemporary American society. It not only governs how people are channeled through their schooling; it amplifies existing social disparities. Nonetheless, standardized testing endures, namely because it has served as a vital tool for the post-1945 American state. The postwar state prioritized, on the…
Descriptors: Standardized Tests, Testing, Educational History, Government Role
Hirao, Katsura – ProQuest LLC, 2011
A self-report assessment scale of school connectedness was validated in this study based on the data from middle-school children in a northeastern state of the United States (n = 145). The scale was based on the School Bonding Model (Morita, 1991), which was derived reductively from the social control (bond) theory (Hirschi, 1969). This validation…
Descriptors: Grade 8, Peer Acceptance, African American Children, Validity
