This study aims to explore the validity of measuring joint attention through gaze coordination in computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) research. Gaze coordination, aligning visual attention in social contexts, aids comprehension and communication. Many CSCL researchers use gaze coordination to gauge joint attention quantitatively.…

Online learning is becoming an increasingly popular method of delivering instruction. Every year the number of courses provided online has increased compared to traditional courses offered at the same institutions (Allen & Seamen, 2010). In the online environment interactivity is one aspect faculty can use to evaluate online course…

Various formats of online discussion have proven valuable for enhancing learning and collaboration in distance and blended learning contexts. However, despite their capacity to reveal essential processes in collaborative inquiry, current mainstream analytical frameworks, such as the cognitive presence framework (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer,…