The empirical study on 610 undergraduate students between the age of 16 to 25 in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, was set to examine the relationship of gender and subject choice. The findings have revealed that women were overrepresented in non-science subjects and their gender identity has strong connection with subject choice (*** p < 0.001). The study gave an insight of how gender disparity in science due to factors such as strong gender socialization, social practice, science identity, curriculum, and challenges in science career. However, the new findings, based on regression model, rejected the economic status as a challenges to science subject selection.