This paper explores how the ideology of compulsory able-bodiness functions in special education. The apparatus of special education, this paper contends, applies a bureaucratic gaze to students from historically oppressed groups (e.g. students of color and working class students) and, finding them deficient, interpellates them as disabled. They…

Response to intervention (RTI) is a framework in which interventions are implemented mostly in general education classes to resolve academic difficulties and help to mitigate contextual variables (i.e., lack of instruction, socio economic status, cultural differences, etc.) as an explanation for academic failure. The implementation of…

"Two and Two Make Zero" considers children's acquisition of numerical concepts from a wide range of perspectives including topics that are often overlooked, most notably: the principal properties of the counting numbers in and of themselves; the role that numerical symbols play in number acquisition; the underlying conceptual structure of number…

During the twentieth century it has been theorized that there is a link between musical achievement and academic achievement of young children. In support of this controversial view, many educators and music specialists promote the relationship between, parent, teacher, and child. The theory is: with cooperative learning experiences in the study…

Using data from an existing pre-algebra computer-based tutor, we analyzed the covariance of item-types with the goal of describing a more effective way to assign skill labels to item-types. Analyzing covariance is important because it allows us to place the skills in a related network in which we can identify the role each skill plays in learning…

The purpose of this article was to explore the marginalization of adult mathematics learning within education. The problem is adult education subsumes adult mathematics learning under the umbrella of literacy. Literacy and numeracy compared in terms of their quantities of funding, directed projects, ERIC submissions, and published dissertations.…

Research into integrating technology such as iPads into the curriculum for students with disabilities is still new. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the use of a basic math skill application on an iPad to increase basic math fluency. As part of a classwide academic intervention, the study was conducted with 10 students with…

Instructional designers can embrace leadership skills to shape the culture in educational entities toward a "living" institute (Senge, 2000, p. 54). Assessment and measurability set the direction toward the design of plan, implementation and strategy to organization. Paradigm shifts must take place in education.

Children must develop reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills because those skills are required for success in any discipline. Consequently, in their mathematical development students need to be able to read, write, speak and listen in mathematical terms. Research indicates that children's literature provides a means to promote such…

This study evaluates research that provides an understanding about mathematical results which can be determined independently from contributing factors. The relevance of the findings is important because there are many different reasons hypothesized by researchers as to why Attention Deficit Disorder/Attentions Deficit Hyperactive Disorder…

This study was conducted to determine the level of Achieved Learning Outcomes of Underprivileged Children provided by some selected NGOs [non-governmental organizations] in Bangladesh. Comparing the achievement among the learners of different NGOs as well as between girls and boys were the objective of the study. The study identified that…

In two previous studies we investigated the non-routine problem-solving abilities of students just finishing their first year of a traditionally taught calculus sequence. This paper reports on a similar study, using the same non-routine first-year differential calculus problems, with students who had completed one and one-half years of traditional…

"Algebra for everyone" has been a popular reform, though not commonly implemented and not fully evaluated. Through investigation, one might be able to determine whether courses deemed equivalent to a traditional college preparatory algebra course provide an equitable understanding of algebra concepts and skills, while controlling for…

In this paper, we will discuss the way various features of consciousness interact with each other and with cognition, specifically, the cognition of mathematical reasoning and problem solving. Thus we are interested in how consciousness and cognition "work," in a somewhat mechanistic way, rather than in larger philosophical questions about…

The present study investigated Arabic internet websites especially designed for pre-school children. A sample of 136 Arabic websites for kids of different ages was located and browsed. The sample covered websites specialized in stories, songs, games, kids' magazines, drawing and so on. It was found that no Arabic websites for pre-school kids are…