Two versions of a decision rule for determining the most appropriate number of clusters on the basis of a correlation matrix are presented, applied, and compared with three other decision rules. The new rule is efficient for determining the number of clusters on the surface level for multilevel data. (SLD)

The general transformation approach to time series analysis is extended to the analysis of multiple unit data by the development of a patterned transformation matrix. The procedure includes alternatives for special cases and requires only minor revisions in existing computer software. (SLD)

Scores were obtained on 31 item-clusters from the California Psychological Inventory for 490 identical and 317 same-sex fraternal twin pairs from the National Merit twin sample. Ordinary and cross-pair correlations were calculated and used to derive three matrices hypothesized to reflect the influence of genes, shared environment, and unshared…

This paper demonstrates how the problem of calibrating measures can be formulated in terms of confirmatory factor analysis. The relationships between traditional approaches and a confirmatory factor approach are specified. (Author/CTM)

This article compares two methods for analyzing small sets of repeated measures data under normal and non-normal heteroscedastic conditions: a mixed model approach with the Kenward-Roger correction and a multivariate extension of the modified Brown-Forsythe (BF) test. These procedures differ in their assumptions about the covariance structure of…

Outlined is a model for transformation of one factor matrix to congruence with a second or target matrix in which the correlations among the transformed factors are constrained to certain pre-specified values. Procedures are developed for implementing the model, and are illustrated with example factor solutions. (Author/RC)

Populations of factorially simple and complex data were generated with first the oblique and orthogonal factor models, and then solutions based on special cases of the general orthomax criterion were compared on the basis of these characteristics. The results are discussed and implications noted. (DEP)

Tau, Lambda, and Kappa are measures developed for the analysis of discrete multivariate data of the type represented by stimulus response confusion matrices. The accuracy with which they may be estimated from small sample confusion matrices is investigated by Monte Carlo methods. (Author/LMO)

A method is proposed for partially analyzing additive ipsative data (PAID). Transforming the PAID according to a developed equation preserves the density of the transformed data, and maximum likelihood estimation can be carried out as usual. Simulation results show that the original structural parameters can be accurately estimated from PAID. (SLD)

Since computer programs have been available for estimating and testing linear causal models, these models have been used increasingly in the behavioral sciences. This paper discusses the problem that very different causal structures may fit the same set of data equally well. (Author/LMO)

Procedures for simultaneous confirmatory factor analysis in several populations are useful in a variety of problems. This is demonstrated with examples involving missing data, comparison of part correlations between groups, testing the equality of regression weights between groups with multiple indicators of each variable, and the formulation of…

Two sets of real sorting data from 50 college students are used to compare results of multidimensional scaling of raw co-occurrence frequencies or dissimilarity measures (D) and profile distances (delta) to determine which yields a better representation of the underlying structure of 2 sets of stimuli. Slight differences are discussed. (SLD)

Type I error rates of four multivariate tests (Pilai-Bartlett trace, Johansen's test, James' first-order test, and James' second-order test) were compared for heterogeneous covariance matrices in 360 simulated experiments. The superior performance of Johansen's test and James' second-order test is discussed. (SLD)