Score limitation at the top of a scale is commonly termed "ceiling effect." Ceiling effects can lead to serious artifactual parameter estimates in most data analysis. This study examines the consequences of ceiling effects in longitudinal data analysis and investigates several methods of dealing with ceiling effects through Monte Carlo simulations…

The internal/external frame of reference model (I/E model; Marsh, 1986) is a highly influential model of self-concept formation, which predicts that domain-specific abilities have positive effects on academic self-concepts in the corresponding domain and negative effects across domains. Investigations of the I/E model do not typically incorporate…

The hypothesis that fluid intelligence is equivalent to the factor of general intelligence is investigated using LISREL to specify higher-order models in reanalyses of three sets of psychometric data from subjects 11, 13, and 15 years old. The three studies showed fluid intelligence to be equivalent with a general factor. (LMO)

The study tests the appropriateness of multiplicative versus additive expectancy-valency models for grouping motivational force decisions of 82 undergraduate students. Arguments are offered favoring a non-nested regression models analysis over a traditional hierarchical analysis of nested regression models. Discriminant analysis indicated one of…

A bivariate generalization of the genotype-environment covariation (GEC) is presented. A multivariate procedure for detecting univariate and bivariate GEC is also described and illustrated via a study of 136 adopted and 125 non-adopted 4-year-old children. (SLD)