Responses of male prisoners to the Personal Orientation Inventory were clustered, using hierarchical linkage analysis. Six second-order clusters accounted for all the items. Reliabilities of these clusters were comparable to those of the first-order clusters. Relative validity of cluster scores and scale scores remains to be determined. (RC)

A method of typological analysis was applied to computer-generated 96-item questionnaire data for 100 cases, under a variety of conditions to analyze both the item-level and score-level. The results showed a considerable advantage of score-level approach in the number, size, and replicability of clusters recovered. (DEP)

Hierarchical cluster analysis is shown to be an effective method for forming scales from sets of items. Comparisons with factor analytic techniques suggest that hierarchical analysis is superior in some respects for scale construction. (Author/JKS)