In a follow-up project, this study examined how and when six university language teachers actually used English and the target language in the classroom. Results suggest that switches to English may be made to help maintain classroom order, to create solidarity or empathy, to cover lack of experience or strategies, or to rephrase or modify their…

The application of language processing skills between 2 languages with dissimilar morphosyntactic features was investigated with 72 American university students learning Japanese. Results suggest that learners' first- and second-language knowledge both play a significant role and that the linguistic knowledge and coding capability for text…

Draws on a case study of six student teachers in secondary school and their codeswitching between first language and second language over the course of 14 foreign language lessons, where French was the second language and English was the first language. Describes how student teachers were exposed to theoretical positions and empirical studies on…