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Direct linkPurkis, Helena M.; Lipp, Ottmar V. – Learning and Motivation, 2010
Evaluative learning is said to differ from Pavlovian associative learning in that it reflects stimulus contiguity, not contingency. Thus, evaluative learning should not be subject to stimulus competition, a proposal tested in the current experiments. Participants were presented in elemental and compound training phases with pictures of shapes as…
Descriptors: Classical Conditioning, Competition, Associative Learning, Experiments
Zucco, Gesualdo M.; Paolini, Michela; Schaal, Benoist – Learning and Motivation, 2009
The pioneering work by Kirk-Smith, Van Toller, and Dodd [Kirk-Smith, M. D., Van Toller, C., & Dodd, G. H. (1983). "Unconscious odour conditioning in human subjects." "Biological Psychology," 17, 221-231], established that an unnoticed odorant paired with an emotionally meaningful task can influence mood and attitudes when the odorant alone is…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Learning Processes, Research Methodology, Experiments
Ishii, Kiyoshi; Iguchi, Yoshio; Fukumoto, Kazuya; Nakayasu, Tomohiro – Learning and Motivation, 2008
Using a conditioned taste aversion procedure with rats as the subjects, two experiments examined the effect of presenting a conditioned stimulus (CS saccharin solution) in one context followed by an unconditioned stimulus (US LiCl) in a different context. Experiment 1 showed that animals which received the above-mentioned procedure (Group D)…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Animals, Conditioning, Experiments
Grant, Douglas S. – Learning and Motivation, 2009
To test the hypothesis that pigeons will only code the more salient sample when samples differ markedly in salience, pigeons were trained with samples consisting of a 2-s presentation of food (highly salient sample) and an 8-s presentation of keylight (less salient sample). During retention testing, pigeons tended to respond at longer delays as if…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Animals, Animal Behavior, Experiments
Williams, Douglas A.; Chubala, Chrissy M.; Mather, Amber A.; Johns, Kenneth W. – Learning and Motivation, 2009
Appetitive contextual excitation supported by intertrial unconditioned stimuli was more easily overcome by timed conditioned responding in rats using quiet (Experiment 1) rather than noisy (Experiment 2) food pellet deliveries. Head-entry responding in acquisition peaked above the contextual baseline when pellet delivery occurred 10, 30, 60, or 90…
Descriptors: Cues, Intervals, Reaction Time, Food
Vadillo, Miguel A.; Orgaz, Cristina; Matute, Helena – Learning and Motivation, 2008
The present series of experiments explores the interaction between retroactive interference and cue competition in human contingency learning. The results of two experiments show that a cue that has been exposed to a cue competition treatment (overshadowing) loses part of its ability to retroactively interfere with responding to a different cue…
Descriptors: Cues, Competition, Interaction, Cognitive Development
