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Activation of Inaccurate Prior Knowledge Affects Primary-School Students' Metacognitive Judgments and Calibration
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van Loon, Mariette H.; de Bruin, Anique B. H.; van Gog, Tamara; van Merrienboer, Jeroen J. G. – Learning and Instruction, 2013
The study investigated whether activation of inaccurate prior knowledge before study contributes to primary-school children's commission errors and overconfidence in these errors when learning new concepts. Findings indicate that inaccurate prior knowledge affects children's learning and calibration. The level of children's judgments of learning…
Descriptors: Measurement, Prior Learning, Accuracy, Elementary School Students
The Effectiveness of Using Incorrect Examples to Support Learning about Decimal Magnitude
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Durkin, Kelley; Rittle-Johnson, Bethany – Learning and Instruction, 2012
Comparing common mathematical errors to correct examples may facilitate learning, even for students with limited prior domain knowledge. We examined whether studying incorrect and correct examples was more effective than studying two correct examples across prior knowledge levels. Fourth- and fifth-grade students (N = 74) learned about decimal…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Arithmetic, Models, Instructional Materials
The Role of Temperament in Children's Affective and Behavioral Responses in Achievement Situations
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Hirvonen, Riikka; Aunola, Kaisa; Alatupa, Saija; Viljaranta, Jaana; Nurmi, Jari-Erik – Learning and Instruction, 2013
Although students' affects and behaviors in achievement situations have been shown to be influenced by their previous learning experiences, less is known about how they relate to students' dispositional characteristics, such as temperament. This study examined to what extent children's temperament is related to their affective and behavioral…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Tests, Anxiety, Inhibition
Helping Behaviour during Cooperative Learning and Learning Gains: The Role of the Teacher and of Pupils' Prior Knowledge and Ethnic Background
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Oortwijn, Michiel B.; Boekaerts, Monique; Vedder, Paul; Strijbos, Jan-Willem – Learning and Instruction, 2008
Is helping behaviour (i.e., solicited help and peer tutoring) during cooperative learning (CL) related to subsequent learning gains? And can teachers influence pupils' helping behaviour? One hundred and one 5th grade pupils from multiethnic schools, 10-12 years old, participated in the study. Forty-two pupils (31 immigrant pupils) worked in an…
Descriptors: Helping Relationship, Ethnicity, Racial Differences, Help Seeking
Reconsidering the Role of Artifacts in Reasoning: Children's Understanding of the Globe as a Model of the Earth
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Vosniadou, Stella; Skopeliti, Irini; Ikospentaki, Kalliopi – Learning and Instruction, 2005
This experiment investigated the effect of the presentation of a globe--the culturally accepted artifact representing the earth--on children's reasoning in elementary astronomy. Forty-four children from grades 1 and 3 were interviewed individually. First, the children were asked to make their own representations of the earth (i.e., drawings and…
Descriptors: Grade 1, Prior Learning, Cognitive Processes, Astronomy
Improving Reading through Thinking Aloud.
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Silven, Maarit; Vauras, Marja – Learning and Instruction, 1992
Effects of training in thinking aloud on the development of reading skills were examined for 64 sixth graders in 2 Finnish towns. Trainees adopted five of seven text processing strategies they were taught and were most responsive when the trainer modeled thinking aloud and guided students in the activity. (SLD)
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Foreign Countries, Grade 6