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Direct linkDinsmore, Daniel L.; Parkinson, Meghan M. – Learning and Instruction, 2013
Although calibration has been widely studied, questions remain about how best to capture confidence ratings, how to calculate continuous variable calibration indices, and on what exactly students base their reported confidence ratings. Undergraduates in a research methods class completed a prior knowledge assessment, two sets of readings and…
Descriptors: Measurement, Undergraduate Students, Confidence Testing, Value Judgment
Efklides, Anastasia – Learning and Instruction, 2012
The commentary discusses phenomena highlighted in the studies of the special issue such as the hypercorrection effect, overconfidence, and the efficiency of interventions designed to increase monitoring accuracy. The discussion is based on a broader theoretical framework of self-regulation of learning that stresses the inferential character of…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Metacognition, Cognitive Psychology, Classroom Techniques
Mason, Lucia; Ariasi, Nicola; Boldrin, Angela – Learning and Instruction, 2011
In the present study it was investigated whether high school students are spontaneously able to reflect epistemologically during online searching for information about a controversial topic. In addition, we examined whether activating epistemic beliefs is related to individual characteristics, such as prior knowledge of the topic and argumentative…
Descriptors: High School Students, Reflection, Epistemology, Beliefs
Hinze, Scott R.; Rapp, David N.; Williamson, Vickie M.; Shultz, Mary Jane; Deslongchamps, Ghislain; Williamson, Kenneth C. – Learning and Instruction, 2013
Students are frequently presented with novel visualizations introducing scientific concepts and processes normally unobservable to the naked eye. Despite being unfamiliar, students are expected to understand and employ the visualizations to solve problems. Domain experts exhibit more competency than novices when using complex visualizations, but…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Individual Differences, Novices, Organic Chemistry
Ozuru, Yasuhiro; Dempsey, Kyle; McNamara, Danielle S. – Learning and Instruction, 2009
This study examined how text features (i.e., cohesion) and individual differences (i.e., reading skill and prior knowledge) contribute to biology text comprehension. College students with low and high levels of biology knowledge read two biology texts, one of which was high in cohesion and the other low in cohesion. The two groups were similar in…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Prior Learning, Biology, Reading Skills
Scheiter, Katharina; Gerjets, Peter; Huk, Thomas; Imhof, Birgit; Kammerer, Yvonne – Learning and Instruction, 2009
Two experiments are reported that investigated the relative effectiveness of a realistic dynamic visualization as opposed to a schematic visualization for learning about cell replication (mitosis). In Experiment 1, 37 university students watched either realistic or schematic visualizations. Students' subjective task demands ratings as well as…
Descriptors: Multiple Choice Tests, Prior Learning, Visual Aids, Visualization
Krause, Ulrike-Marie; Stark, Robin; Mandl, Heinz – Learning and Instruction, 2009
This study examined whether cooperative learning and feedback facilitate situated, example-based e-learning in the field of statistics. The factors "social context" (individual vs. cooperative) and "feedback intervention" (available vs. not available) were varied; participants were 137 university students. Results showed that…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Intervention, Self Efficacy, Prior Learning
Reisslein, Jana; Atkinson, Robert K.; Seeling, Patrick; Reisslein, Martin – Learning and Instruction, 2006
This study examined the effectiveness of a computer-based environment employing three example-based instructional procedures (example-problem, problem-example, and fading) to teach series and parallel electrical circuit analysis to learners classified by two levels of prior knowledge (low and high). Although no differences between the…
Descriptors: Computer Assisted Instruction, Educational Environment, Equipment, Instructional Effectiveness
Korner, Christof – Learning and Instruction, 2005
Hierarchical graphs represent relationships between objects (like computer file systems, family trees etc.). Graph nodes represent the objects and interconnecting lines represent the relationships. In two experiments we investigated what concepts are necessary for understanding hierarchical graphs, what misconceptions evolve when some of the…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Misconceptions, Graphs, Concept Formation
