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Peer reviewed
Direct linkAryadoust, Vahid; Luo, Lan – Language Testing, 2023
This study reviewed conceptualizations and operationalizations of second language (L2) listening constructs. A total of 157 peer-reviewed papers published in 19 journals in applied linguistics were coded for (1) publication year, author, source title, location, language, and reliability and (2) listening subskills, cognitive processes, attributes,…
Descriptors: Test Format, Listening Comprehension Tests, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Yan, Xun; Kim, Ha Ram; Kim, Ji Young – Language Testing, 2021
Speech fluency has been extensively researched as a core construct for second language (L2) speaking assessment. Despite the broad consensus on its multifaceted nature, few researchers have empirically explored the dimensionality of this construct. Operationalizations of fluency vary across research and practice, using both holistic and…
Descriptors: Language Fluency, Language Tests, Accuracy, Speech Communication
