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The Word Associates Format: Validation Evidence
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Schmitt, Norbert; Ng, Janice Wun Ching; Garras, John – Language Testing, 2011
Although the Word Associates Format (WAF) is becoming more frequently used as a depth-of-knowledge measure, relatively little validation has been carried out on it. This report of two validation studies tackles various important WAF issues yet to be satisfactorily resolved. Study 1 conducted introspective interviews regarding students' WAF…
Descriptors: Scoring, Vocabulary Development, Associative Learning, Validity
The Relationship Between TOEFL Vocabulary Items and Meaning, Association, Collocation, and Word-Class Knowledge.
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Schmitt, Norbert – Language Testing, 1999
One way of determining construct validity of vocabulary items in language tests is to interview subjects directly after taking the items to ascertain what is known about the target words in question. This approach was combined within the framework of lexical competency in a study of the behavior of lexical items on the Test of English as a Foreign…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Construct Validity, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries
Developing and Exploring the Behaviour of Two New Versions of the Vocabulary Levels Test.
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Schmitt, Norbert; Schmitt, Diane; Clapham, Caroline – Language Testing, 2001
Reports on a study that uses a range of analysis techniques to present validity evidence and to explore the equivalence of two revised and expanded versions of the Vocabulary Levels Test. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Language Tests, Test Validity, Testing