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Ju Zhan; Qiyu Sun; Lawrence Jun Zhang – Language Teaching Research, 2024
The present study investigated the potential of writing in English as a foreign language (EFL) for language learning by manipulating cognitive task complexity based on related models and hypotheses. English essays written by 59 Chinese postgraduate EFL students from different subject areas were analysed with reference to writing complexity,…
Descriptors: Syntax, Writing (Composition), Difficulty Level, Vocabulary
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Na Tao; Ying Wang – Language Teaching Research, 2025
Task design features have different effects on second language (L2) production and can be adopted for different pedagogical purposes. However, the synergistic effects of task features were left unexplored in the extant task-based literature. The present study investigated the synergistic effects of two task design features, namely, prior knowledge…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, English (Second Language), Second Language Instruction, Writing (Composition)
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Raymond Yasuda – Language Teaching Research, 2025
This study investigated the effect of consistent freewriting practice on written fluency development. Thirty-nine first-year university students completed 70 10-minute freewriting activities over the course of an academic semester. Written fluency, measured as words produced per minute (wpm), increased from a mean of 19.5 wpm to 30.1 wpm over a…
Descriptors: Language Fluency, Essays, English (Second Language), Language Tests