This study investigated the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models and signal detection processes to generate meaningful visual and ChatGPT-like narrative feedback on second language (L2) English intelligibility. To test the effects and perceptions of such techniques, three groups of learners (N = 90) received visual and narrative feedback…

This study investigated the relationship among intelligibility, comprehensibility, and accentedness in the speech of second language learners of Spanish of varying proficiency in instructed contexts. It conceptually replicated studies by Munro and Derwing (1995a) and Derwing and Munro (1997), who found partial independence among the three speech…

Ninety-eight children whose first language is Hawaii Creole English (HCE) acquired English without a formal language program while maintaining their first language. Learning the dominant variety of the language in a bicultural/bidialectal environment did not adversely affect performance in HCE. (PMJ)