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Direct linkWoumans, Evy; Surmont, Jill; Struys, Esli; Duyck, Wouter – Language Learning, 2016
Throughout the past century, the effects of bilingualism on general cognition have been extensively explored. Studies evolved from a negative to a more positive perspective, but longitudinal assessments of effects of bilingualism are scarce. This study investigated the long-term effect of becoming a bilingual on the development of general…
Descriptors: Kindergarten, Bilingualism, French, Socioeconomic Status
Kahng, Jimin – Language Learning, 2014
Although fluency constitutes an essential component of second language (L2) proficiency, there are mixed results and gaps in the literature on how L2 speakers' fluency differs from fluent speech production in a first language (L1). The research reported in this article investigated utterance fluency and cognitive fluency of L1 English…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Language Processing, Language Proficiency, Language Fluency
