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Incorporating Co-Occurrence into the Operationalization of Speech Disfluency for Second Language Pronunciation and Oral Proficiency Assessment
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Xun Yan; Yulin Pan – Language Learning, 2025
Current L2 utterance fluency literature tends to operationalize disfluency as isolated, individual features. However, disfluency features often co-occur at one location or across multiple locations in one utterance. This study explores the co-occurrence of L2 disfluency features in a speech corpus from 71 L1 and L2 speakers of English across…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Fluency, Language Proficiency, Oral Language
Cloze, Dictation and the Test of English as a Foreign Language
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Irvine, Patricia; And Others – Language Learning, 1974
The TOEFL was taken by 159 non-native speakers of English in Tehran, Iran, who also took a cloze test and two dictations. Results revealed that Listening Comprehension, cloze and dictation were more highly correlated with each other, and with the remaining parts of the TOEFL, than the latter were with each other. (Author/KM)
Descriptors: Applied Linguistics, English (Second Language), Language Proficiency, Language Skills
The Divisibility of Language Competence: A Confirmatory Approach.
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Fouly, Kamal A.; And Others – Language Learning, 1990
Investigated the nature of second-language proficiency with respect to its divisibility and components. The correlated-traits and second-order hypotheses were evaluated using 354 students learning English-as-a-Second-Language, a wide range of language proficiency measures, and comfirmatory data-analytic techniques. (36 references) (Author/OD)
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Foreign Students, Higher Education, Language Proficiency