This study explores the effects of participation in short-term summer study abroad (SA) programmes in Spain on second language (L2) learners' attitudes towards Spanish. Both quantitative and qualitative findings indicate that participants' international experience improved their attitudes with regard to L2 learning. More importantly, participant comments provide insights into the aspects of SA context that played a key role in shaping their attitudes. Interaction in the L2 while abroad helped SA participants appraise their skills and improve them, thus leading to an increase in confidence and an interest in further language study. These findings have implications for L2 learners, faculty members that lead SA programmes, and departments or institutions that offer or consider offering international programmes. An in-depth understanding of SA experiences and their effects on student participants informs programme building, revision, and promotion.