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Direct linkKhatib, Mohammad; Nourzadeh, Saeed – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2015
The current study was undertaken with the purpose of developing and validating a willingness to communicate (WTC) questionnaire for instructional language teaching and learning contexts. Six instructional WTC (IWTC) components were identified after (1) undertaking a comprehensive review of the literature on second language (L2) WTC and other…
Descriptors: Questionnaires, Validity, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
Peer reviewedDay, Elaine M.; Shapson, Stan M. – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1987
The British Columbia French Speaking Test, administered to grade 3 immersion students, measured their speaking skills through a story- retelling and group discussion task. When 110 immersion children were compared to 25 Francophone children, results indicated that the immersion children were comparable to the francophones in communicative skills…
Descriptors: Communication Skills, Communicative Competence (Languages), Elementary Education, FLES
