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Direct linkLihong Ma; Lixueqing Liu; Shaoqian Luo; Jian Liu – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2025
Building on situated emotion framework, this study examined the variations in foreign language (FL) enjoyment, anxiety, boredom, and burnout between urban and rural students in China. The sample included 1,455 urban (55.6% male) and 546 rural students (53% male) (M[subscript age] = 15.41). Data were gathered through self-administered…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Rural Urban Differences, Secondary School Students, Second Language Learning
Lihong Ma; Yuhong Jiao; Leifeng Xiao; Jian Liu – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2024
This study examined the motivation level of struggling English learners in China and explored the link between motivation and their English achievement. Furthermore, this research dug into the moderation effect of teacher-student relationships on this link based on attachment theory and self-determination theory. Struggling students (n = 14,531)…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Teacher Student Relationship, Student Motivation, English (Second Language)
Lihong Ma; Leifeng Xiao; Jian Liu – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2024
With the widening urban-rural gap caused by urbanisation, the equity of urban-rural education has become a research hotspot. This study explored the differences in motivational beliefs about English learning among Chinese urban and rural students and the impact of motivational beliefs on their English performance. A total of 6326 urban and 2600…
Descriptors: Rural Urban Differences, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
