Discourse represents the languages, ideas, and images that together shape one's understanding of the world. In counseling, discourse determines clinical practice. The authors posit that dominant discourse in counseling promotes an intrapsychic status quo that discounts the relationship between individuals and their environment, which often leads…

The development of multicultural and advocacy competencies evolved out of the multicultural and social justice movements. To help readers more fully understand the complementary nature between these 2 sets of competencies and to connect both movements, this article introduces the Multicultural and Advocacy Dimensions model. Implications are also…

An immersion training model is described that incorporates culturally focused community-centered service in South Africa as an experiential learning approach. Recommendations for developing international cultural immersion training with a goal of developing cultural competencies are suggested.

Because social class and classism remain elusive constructs in psychology, this 2-part article first lays the foundation for the Social Class Worldview Model and then the Modern Classism Theory. A case example is used for illustration. The authors also provide counseling applications and recommendations for future research.

Outlines Hardin L. K. Coleman's model of six strategies that individuals use to cope with cultural diversity. Suggests that conflict in multicultural counseling relationships is often the result of divergence in the strategies used by counselors and clients to cope with cultural diversity. Suggests two ways of resolving such conflicts. (RJM)

Describes communication process in counseling as an intervention for client change, in and of itself, and not just the medium by which a counselor applies his or her specific counseling approaches. Provides a culturally embedded model of communication to illustrate how effective communication alters the framework and depths of understanding of…

Profiles development of the Multicultural Counseling Competencies (MCC) designed to guide counseling interactions with attention to culture, ethnicity, and race. Details the MCC and focuses on the model's key aspect of personal identity. Includes the full text of Multicultural Competencies. (SNR)

Reviews the stress-hypertension relationship among young African black Americans and shows how counselors can intervene using a conceptual sociopsychophysiological model of stress. Concludes that preventive stress management directed at vulnerable, young African-American students by counselors is very important in addressing disproportionate…

Presents Chicano/Latino ethnic identity development model that fosters understanding of ethnic identity conflicts particular to Chicano and Latino clients. Presents five stages (causal, cognitive, consequence, working through, and successful resolution) in relationship to ethnic identity conflicts, interventions, and resolution. Combines several…

Contends that current counseling paradigms do not include necessary skills for effective results with Native American clients and suggests development of new paradigm for Native Americans. Presents overview of situation and discusses historical influences and current status of family, education, testing, career development, and suicide among…

Discusses the need for cultural characteristics to be addressed in supervision as a way of dealing with both opportunities and obstacles that may exist. The VISION model of cultural responsiveness is described as a practical means of supervisors exploring multicultural issues in the supervisory relationship. (Contains 43 references.) (Author/GCP)

Feminist teaching is suggested as a promising pedagogy for the development of counselors' multicultural understanding. The ways in which feminist teaching principles and practices are useful in multicultural counseling training, as well as challenges to the implementation of feminist teaching are examined.

Describes a structural family-therapy (SFT) approach combined with the paradigm of acculturation to increase counselors' sensitivity to immigrant families whose members arrive at different times. The focus is on those families in which parents have preceded children in the immigration experience. Provides culturally sensitive counseling strategies…

Discusses the literature on the drinking practices of Mexican Americans from the perspectives of three acculturation models: linear acculturation, acculturative stress, and marginality stress. Presents within-gender comparisons of Mexican and U.S. drinking patterns, looks at acculturation and alcohol use among Mexican-American women and men…

Notes that Latina college students can be encouraged to negotiate the demand of college if their special needs are understood. Describes a counseling model used to develop a support group for Latina students at an urban college in the Northeast. Describes activities of group formed to address personal, cultural, and social issues that Latinas face…