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The Regression-Based Discrepancy Definition of Learning Disability: A Critical Appraisal
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Cahan, Sorel; Fono, Dafna; Nirel, Ronit – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2012
The regression-based discrepancy definition of learning disabilities has been suggested by Rutter and Yule as an improvement of the well-known and much criticized achievement-intelligence discrepancy definition, whereby the examinee's predicted reading attainment is substituted for the intelligence score in the discrepancy expression. Even though…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Learning Disabilities, Predictive Validity, Definitions
Reading Component Skills of Learners in Adult Basic Education
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MacArthur, Charles A.; Konold, Timothy R.; Glutting, Joseph J.; Alamprese, Judith A. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2010
The purposes of this study were to investigate the reliability and construct validity of measures of reading component skills with a sample of adult basic education (ABE) learners, including both native and nonnative English speakers, and to describe the performance of those learners on the measures. Investigation of measures of reading components…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Construct Validity, Validity, Adult Basic Education
The Construct and Predictive Validity of a Dynamic Assessment of Young Children Learning to Read: Implications for RTI Frameworks
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Fuchs, Douglas; Compton, Donald L.; Fuchs, Lynn S.; Bouton, Bobette; Caffrey, Erin – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2011
The purpose of this study was to examine the construct and predictive validity of a dynamic assessment (DA) of decoding learning. Students (N = 318) were assessed in the fall of first grade on an array of instruments that were given in hopes of forecasting responsiveness to reading instruction. These instruments included DA as well as…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Listening Comprehension, Phonemic Awareness, Predictive Validity
Response to Intervention with Secondary School Students with Reading Difficulties
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Vaughn, Sharon; Fletcher, Jack M. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2012
The authors summarize evidence from a multiyear study with secondary students with reading difficulties on (a) the potential efficacy of primary-level (Tier 1), secondary-level (Tier 2), and tertiary-level (Tier 3) interventions in remediating reading difficulties with middle school students, (b) the likelihood of resolving reading disabilities…
Descriptors: Evidence, Middle School Students, Reading Difficulties, Intervention
Validity of Alternative Approaches for the Identification of Learning Disabilities: Operationalizing Unexpected Underachievement
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Fletcher, Jack M.; Denton, Carolyn; Francis, David J. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2005
This article reviews the validity of models based on (a) aptitude--achievement discrepancies, (b) low achievement, (c) intraindividual differences, and (d) response to instruction for the classification and identification of learning disabilities (LD). Models based on aptitude--achievement discrepancies and intraindividual differences showed…
Descriptors: Underachievement, Models, Identification, Validity
Agreement among Four Models Used for Diagnosing Learning Disabilities.
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Proctor, Briley; Prevatt, Frances – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2003
This study compared level of agreement among four models used to diagnose learning disabilities (LD), including the simple discrepancy, intraindividual, intellectual ability-achievement, and underachievement models. The simple discrepancy model diagnosed significantly more college students with LD than the others. The highest agreement was between…
Descriptors: Clinical Diagnosis, College Students, Disability Identification, Higher Education