The objective of the present study was to replicate a qualitative prediction, that prior relevance information is predicted to be a powerful performance variable, in the context of other variations as well as to assess new quantitative predictions for these conditions based on the theoretical work. (Author/RK)

Main findings of a previous study are confirmed in that the matrix mode of representation, as actually used by Ss, again leads to significantly better performance on all problems except those where information was presented in terms of negative statements. (Authors)

A factorial experiment which combined solution-word frequency, pre-problem-solving tasks, and S's spelling ability. (Author)

Primary purpose of this study was to investigate the processes underlying simple mental multiplication. (Author)

Results supported the hypotheses that the emphasis on speed: (a) has a detrimental effect on the performance, (b) is inherent in a test-like situation, and (c) can be reduced by emphasizing in the instructions to Ss the detrimental effects of speed on the achievement of solution. (Author/CB)

To test the proposition that different types of pretraining would result in different strategies" in the solution of concept identification problems, a design was used in which length of postfeedback intervals was made dependent on the correctness of Ss response. (Authors/MB)

Perceptual and cognitive development were investigated in two recall tasks with 48 Ss from each of the grades kindergarten, third, and sixth. (Author)

Results were interpreted in terms of an initial tendency for Ss to guess in order of frequency followed by a change to guessing words at the appropriate frequency level. (Author)