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Xu, Kate M.; Koorn, Petra; de Koning, Björn; Skuballa, Irene T.; Lin, Lijia; Henderikx, Maartje; Marsh, Herbert W.; Sweller, John; Paas, Fred – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2021
Many large-scale, school-based interventions have attempted to improve academic performance through promoting students' growth mindset, defined as the belief that one's intellectual ability can increase with practice and time. However, most have shown weak to no effects. Thus, it is important to examine how growth mindset might affect retention…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Learning Motivation, Learning Processes, Retention (Psychology)
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Vermeer, Harriet J.; Boekaerts, Monique; Seegers, Gerard – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2000
Studies differences in boys' and girls' (N=158) mathematical problem-solving behavior in relation to two types of tasks, computations and applications. Differences were dependent on contents of tasks and gender. Girls rated themselves lower on confidence and attributed bad results more often to lack of capacity and to the task difficulty. No…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Grade 6, Learning Motivation, Mathematics Skills