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The Social Class Test Gap: A Worldwide Investigation of the Role of Academic Anxiety and Income Inequality in Standardized Test Score Disparities

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Nele Claes; Annique Smeding; Arnaud Carré; Nicolas Sommet – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2024

We conducted three preregistered studies using the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) data to provide a worldwide estimation of the standardized test gap between students from lower and higher social classes. We investigated: (a) the degree to which academic anxiety…

Descriptors: Achievement Tests, Foreign Countries, International Assessment, Secondary School Students