Despite widespread misunderstandings, B.F. Skinner did not ignore creativity. The present article first integrates Skinner's writings with some current research in creativity that focuses on the role of near associations in creative innovations. Next, Skinner's writings are integrated with the role of the unconscious in creativity, including some…

Creativity researchers have long paid careful attention to individual creativity, beginning with studies of well-known geniuses, and expanding to personality, biographical, cognitive, and social-psychological studies of individual creative behavior. Little is known, however, about the everyday psychological experience and associated creative…

Fixation on established paradigms and practices can severely limit the capability of organizations to change, thereby jeopardizing the ability of organizations to keep up with changes in their environment and new technological developments. Overcoming organizational fixation is therefore a requirement for any organization that strives to achieve…

The paper presents examples of corporations (Intel Corporation, 3M, and the Saturn Corporation) which are making their environments more creative and innovative in order to compete in the global marketplace. Such workplace innovation requires development of an idea-nurturing environment, acceptance of failure, and emphasis on creative problem…

Examples are offered of eight people who displayed creative, innovative, and entrepreneurial characteristics and in so doing have changed the world. Characteristics of these people are studied in order to improve creative thinking processes, in preparation for a future requiring creative, innovative, and entrepreneurial efforts. (JDD)

A structure to foster creativity in a research and development environment is described. Features of the system include an emphasis on selection of the right mix of employees, collaboration within and between groups, encouragement for risk-taking, viewing problems from new angles, and an understanding by management of many different aspects of…

The OZ Creative Thinking Network is a volunteer group of Du Pont Corporation employees devoted to educating themselves and others concerning creativity and innovation. This network, organized in 1986, has a current membership of over 600 employees and has produced a book that couples essays expressing concepts in creativity and innovation with…

This article shows how the Norwegian Small Business Research Center and the Alabama International Trade Center have set goals and established procedures to bridge gaps and correct misconceptions between academics and entrepreneurs. Keys to formation of both organizations were involvement of well-thought of universities, a willingness to take a…

This article describes three archetypal workers: eagles who innovate by improvements, otters who innovate by extension, and unicorns who innovate by paradigm. Each of these innovators is discussed in terms of domain-relevant skills, manipulative skills, and motivation. Needs of each type in terms of business culture are discussed. (PB)

This article points out the critical importance of up-to-date information for small business entrepreneurs and describes two innovative initiatives of the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA): the national electronic bulletin board system called "SBA On-Line" and Business Information Centers in field locations. (JDD)

A pilot program was developed to offer gifted junior-high and intermediate students an opportunity to study the future and their role in it. The program consisted of a "Futures Symposium'" a series of preparatory sessions on creative problem-solving, ideation techniques, scenario writing, etc.; and a one-week program at Epcot Center.…

Organizational creativity, in the model that follows, is subcategorized according to the type of creativity demanded by the industry in which a firm competes. Industries that demand the constant creation of new products are referred to as "creativity-centered" while others, which benefit from creative refinements to current services, are referred…