Background: Understanding algorithms is crucial for programming education, yet their abstract nature often challenges students. Algorithm visualisation (AV) has been proven effective in enhancing algorithmic thinking among university students. However, its efficacy for elementary school students and the optimal forms of AV tools remain unclear.…

Discussion of visualization and animation in computer-assisted learning packages focuses on a case study of secondary students in England in an economics course. Highlights include visualization and animation as conceptual anchors; as sources of misconceptions; and the role of instructional activities. (LRW)