Background: Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) plays a crucial role in student success, particularly in blended learning (BL) environments where learners must take greater ownership of their educational journey. Whilst prior research has extensively examined SRL, there remains a gap in understanding how students' SRL profiles evolve over time and how…

Background: Technology advancement changes not only interpreting practices but also its pedagogy, which has long been criticised for lacking authenticity in/out-of-classroom practices. Objective: This empirical research aims to develop a mobile-assisted language learning application powered by extended reality (XR). Shortened as 'XR MALL', this…

Background: Augmented reality (AR) emerges as a technology with considerable promise and substantial potential for pedagogical integration within language education contexts. However, there remains a scarcity of review studies exploring the best practices and principles for oral communication facilitation based on robust theoretical models or…

Background: Reading is a multifaceted skill that plays a crucial role in language acquisition. The acquisition of this skill can be influenced by various instructional strategies and methods. There are studies in literature that show the effect of blended or collaborative teaching methods on reading skills; however, there is a lack of studies that…