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Matthew Arnold; Rebecca Netson; Andrey Vyshedskiy – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2024
Prefrontal synthesis (PFS) is a component of constructive imagination. It is defined as the process of mentally juxtaposing objects into novel combinations. For example, to comprehend the instruction "put the cat under the dog and above the monkey," it is necessary to use PFS in order to correctly determine the spatial arrangement of the…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Language Acquisition, Children, Executive Function
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Hui Qiu; Xiao Liang – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2024
This study aimed to explore the potential mediating role of sleep quality in the effect of physical activity (PA) intervention for improving executive functions (EFs) in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Participants aged 6 to 12 years old with a formal ADHD diagnosis were recruited from a local hospital. A total of 80…
Descriptors: Children, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Sleep, Physical Activity Level
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Blume, Jessica; Kahathuduwa, Chanaka; Mastergeorge, Ann – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2023
Brain connectivity of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is heterogenous, as are the behavioral manifestations. The current study investigated brain-behavior relationships in the context of social skills and executive function profiles with data from the Autism Brain Imaging Database Exchange II. We calculated connectivity measures…
Descriptors: Youth, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Interpersonal Competence, Executive Function
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Yael Kimhi; Yifat Mirsky; Nirit Bauminger-Zviely – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2025
Many children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have challenges in reading comprehension, especially when implicit information in narrative texts is involved. Three interrelated factors influencing reading comprehension have been proposed to explain these challenges: Theory of Mind -- ToM; executive functions -- EF; and central coherence -- CC.…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Grade 3, Children, Reading Comprehension
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Uljarevic, Mirko; Frazier, Thomas W.; Rached, Gaëlle; Busch, Robyn M.; Klaas, Patricia; Srivastava, Siddharth; Martinez-Agosto, Julian A.; Sahin, Mustafa; Eng, Charis; Hardan, Antonio Y. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022
This study aimed to characterize the relationship between insistence on sameness (IS), executive functioning (EF) and anxiety among individuals with "PTEN" mutations and individuals with macrocephalic ASD. The sample included 38 individuals with "PTEN" mutation and ASD diagnosis ("PTEN"-ASD; M[subscript age] =…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Anxiety, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
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Lung, Stephanie Lock Man; Bertone, Armando – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2023
Cognitive flexibility (CF) is the ability to shift between concepts or rules. Difficulty with CF is associated with autism (i.e., ASD) as it contributes to repetitive behaviours. However, little is known about CF skills of autistic adolescents with low intelligence. This study uses the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) to assess the CF of 36…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Adolescents, Intelligence
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Landsiedel, Julia; Williams, David M. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020
Time-based prospective memory (PM) is diminished under various task demands in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is still unclear what underpins their impairment or how it could be remediated. This study explored whether instructions to prioritise one element of a PM task over another improved performance in adults with…
Descriptors: Memory, Time, Adults, Autism
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Powell, Patrick S.; Klinger, Laura G.; Klinger, Mark R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
Little is known about age-related cognitive differences in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, given the overlap in cognitive impairments in ASD to those seen in typical aging, it is possible that adults with ASD will face even greater cognitive difficulties as they age. The current study used a cross-sectional design to examine age-related…
Descriptors: Case Studies, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Adults
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English, Michael C. W.; Maybery, Murray T.; Visser, Troy A. W. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
Previous work shows that doing a continuous performance task (CPT) shifts attentional biases in neurotypical individuals towards global aspects of hierarchical Navon figures by selectively activating right hemisphere regions associated with global processing. The present study examines whether CPT can induce similar modulations of attention in…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Attention, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Ziermans, Tim; Swaab, Hanna; Stockmann, Alexander; de Bruin, Esther; van Rijn, Sophie – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
Formal thought disorder (FTD) is a disruption in the flow of thought and a common feature in psychotic disorders and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Executive dysfunction has often been associated with FTD, yet for ASD convincing evidence is lacking. This study investigated FTD and three core executive functions in 50 young children and…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children, Thinking Skills
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Oerlemans, Anoek M.; Hartman, Catharina A.; Franke, Barbara; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Rommelse, Nanda N. J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their unaffected siblings from 54 simplex (SPX, one individual in the family affected) and 59 multiplex (MPX, two or more individuals affected) families, and 124 controls were assessed on intelligence, social cognition and executive functions. SPX and MPX ASD probands displayed similar cognitive…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children, Siblings
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Marinopoulou, Maria; Lugnegård, Tove; Unenge Hallerbäck, Maria; Gillberg, Christopher; Billstedt, Eva – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
There has been an increasing interest in possible connections between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia in the last decade. Neuropsychological comparison studies have, however, been few. The present study examined similarities and differences in intellectual and executive functioning between adults with Asperger syndrome (AS) and…
Descriptors: Asperger Syndrome, Schizophrenia, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
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Taddei, Stefano; Contena, Bastianina – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
Autism spectrum disorders include autistic and Asperger's Syndrome (AS), often studied in terms of executive functions (EF), with controversial results. Using Planning Attention Simultaneous Successive theory (PASS; Das et al. in "Assessment of cognitive processes: the PASS theory of intelligence." Allyn and Bacon, Boston, MA, 1994),…
Descriptors: Autism, Asperger Syndrome, Executive Function, Attention
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Gökçen, Elif; Frederickson, Norah; Petrides, K. V. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by profound difficulties in empathic processing and executive control. Whilst the links between these processes have been frequently investigated in populations with autism, few studies have examined them at the subclinical level. In addition, the contribution of alexithymia, a trait characterised by…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Executive Function, Autism, Severe Disabilities
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Lehnhardt, Fritz-Georg; Falter, Christine Michaela; Gawronski, Astrid; Pfeiffer, Kathleen; Tepest, Ralf; Franklin, Jeremy; Vogeley, Kai – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Females with high-functioning ASD are known to camouflage their autistic symptoms better than their male counterparts, making them prone to being under-ascertained and delayed in diagnostic assessment. Thus far the underlying cognitive processes that enable such successful socio-communicative adaptation are not well understood. The current results…
Descriptors: Females, Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
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