Filmmaking is an inherently practical area of study. Not all students can access film school because of monetary, location and health issues. Options without schooling are online in the form of tutorial videos. 360° video offers a more interactive approach than traditional learning tools, and the technology can enhance learning and promote…

Procedural knowledge learning focuses on integrating theory with practice; however, time and pace are the main critical issues. In response, this study proposes a flipped classroom approach based on the Bandura's [1986. The explanatory and predictive scope of self-efficacy theory. "Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,"…