Cameras may be viewed as an essential tool in online synchronous classes. They may give a sense of connectedness between the students and faculty. In fact, social presence is considered a vital factor in distance education. In our study, we examine faculty's perception of accepted reasons for students to turn off their cameras and perceived…

The HyFlex learning model has gained popularity in recent years and, with the outbreak of COVID-19, the demand has increased. However, there are challenges associated with the model, especially related to equity and engagement. A HyFlex model known as Interactive Synchronous HyFlex is being developed and practised by the researchers in their…

The use of instant messaging to support e-learning will continue to gain importance because of its speed, effectiveness, and low cost. This study developed an MSN agent to mediate and facilitate students' learning in a Web-based course. The students' acceptance of the MSN agent and its effect on learning community identification and learning…