Teachers' instructional design skills influence their teaching practices and student learning performances. However, researchers have found that the traditional one-to-many model of preservice teacher education prevents preservice teachers from receiving timely and individualized feedback, making it difficult to fill in theoretical knowledge gaps…

Given that science and technology innovations are increasingly becoming important in the global economy market in the twenty-first century, many countries around the world put greater emphasis on producing students who have mastered knowledge of chemistry and who possess twenty-first century skills. However, chemistry is perceived as a difficult…

When teachers or instructors create computer-based learning environments, they often solely consider technical aspects of interactivity. As a consequence, learners' main role is to respond to requests of the learning environment (e.g. by answering multiple-choice questions). This aspect of interactivity is, however, not sufficient to understand…