The Proteus effect of exergames has been widely regarded as a factor that influences human performance and learning. Within the context of security and defense exergames, identification with a digital alter-ego affects students' task performance as well as their emotional states. In the present study, we examined the influence of the perceived…

This study investigates how students' competition preference as a trait variable, in conjunction with students' state self-monitoring, affects learning outcome when learning with a serious game. In particular, it is investigated whether competition preference moderates the relation between self-monitoring and learning outcome. For the study, 86…

Collaborative learning has long been proved to be a crucial agent for enhancing students' social skills, problem-solving abilities and individual learning performance. Understanding how students move from one phase to another in their collaboration process can inform educators of how best to facilitate such learning. However, this is still an area…

Few studies have investigated the effects of the instructions provided in educational computer games on cognitive processing and learning outcomes. In our experiment, we sought to compare the effects on learning outcomes of two different types of goal-oriented instructions: "mastery-goal" instructions, which prompt learners to develop…

Augmented reality (AR) has been recognized as a potential technology to help students link what they are observing in the real world to their prior knowledge. One of the most challenging issues of AR-based learning is the provision of effective strategy to help students focus on what they need to observe in the field. In this study, a competitive…