Individual differences in retention, with an emphasis on their relationship with learning speed and other cognitive factors, were studied in 685 military recruits. In all of the forgetting conditions, the fastest learners remembered more and relearned faster. Results support the existence of individual differences in retention. (SLD)

Long-term memory differences between 30 mentally retarded and 30 nonretarded young adults were assessed. Subjects studied a picture book after receiving semantic or nonsemantic encoding instructions. Semantic encoding improved the retarded subjects' recognition memory. Once items were encoded at a deep level, the long-term recognition of all…

Comments on the work of Arthur Jensen, specifically "The g Factor" (1998), which consolidates the psychometric, neurophysiological, behavior genetic, and comparative evidence for the existence and importance of a factor of general intelligence ("g"). Discusses Jensen's work on black/white differences in intelligence. (SLD)

There are several studies showing that working memory and intelligence are strongly related. However, working memory tasks require simultaneous processing and storage, so the causes of their relationship with intelligence are currently a matter of discussion. The present study examined the simultaneous relationships among short-term memory (STM),…

In experimental time estimation research, it has consistently been found that the more a person is engaged in some kind of demanding cognitive activity within a given period of time, the more experienced duration of this time interval decreases. However, the role of individual differences has been largely ignored in this field of research. In a…

We investigated sex effects and the effects of educational attainment (EA) on the covariance structure of the WAIS-III in a subsample of the Spanish standardization data. We fitted both first order common factor models and second order common factor models. The latter include general intelligence ("g") as a second order common factor.…

This article analyzes if working memory (WM) is especially important to understand "g." WM comprises the functions of focusing attention, conscious rehearsal, and transformation and mental manipulation of information, while "g" reflects the component variance that is common to all tests of ability. The centrality of WM in individual differences in…

Research on educable retarded children is reviewed to explicate components of and a theory of intelligence. Studies of control processes in memory and problem solving indicate that the ability to generalize is a major component of intelligence. Research on individual differences in components of information processing systems are also discussed.…

It is shown how typical analyses of strategic behavior focus on the "problem of remembering" based on the experimenter's conceptualization of optimum task performance. A new definition of a strategy is suggested in which strategies are seen as attempts to solve the "problem of remembering" as understood by the person. (Author/LMO)

To clarify the relationships between reaction time (RT) variability and intelligence, RT distributions from 303 male Navy recruits were partitioned into 16 fast-to-slow latency bands calculated with measures of mental ability. The slowest bands (worst trials) were the best predictors of intelligence and working memory performance. (SLD)

Sternberg and Gastel have provided an example of a major principle of intelligence research--the relationship between a task's working memory demands and its sensitivity to individual differences in fluid intelligence and "g." There is no need to invoke additional constructs such as "novelty." (SLD)

It is asserted that the statistical arguments proposed by Humphreys are not supported by the formula he presents. The disagreement with Larson is with the contention that there exists one correct theoretical framework in which intelligence research should be posed. The respective viewpoints are seen as complementary, not competing. (SLD)

Two studies involving 333 military recruits investigate individual differences in time-accuracy functions of inspection time (IT) in terms of psychological models. Two alternative interpretations of IT time-accuracy functions (processing-distraction and processing-speed, and pure processing-speed "cascade" models) are considered in…

The latency and amplitude of the P300, an event-related potential, during the performance of a memory-scanning task were used as indices of the efficiency of information processing that may mediate individual differences in intelligence. Results with 61 female college students contradict a pure speed of processing explanation of the relationship…

The relation between intelligence and speed of auditory discrimination was investigated during an auditory oddball task with backward masking. In target discrimination conditions that varied in the interval between the target and the masking stimuli and in the tonal frequency of the target and masking stimuli, higher ability participants (HA)…