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Oxford, Rebecca L. – Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 2017
Time factors complexly, dynamically interact with each other and with other contextualized variables in language learning. The time-tied nature of language learning is captured in what I call the "time-prism," which is the central symbol of temporality in this paper. The facets of the prism discussed in this article are (1) language…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Time Perspective, Personal Autonomy, Sociocultural Patterns
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Gao, Xuesong – Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 2013
As the construct of agency has generated considerable discussion among language educators recently and has become a buzz word, there is a need for it to be further conceptualized and operationalized in autonomy research. Drawing on Margaret Archer's theorization of "internal conversation," this paper theorizes language learners' agency…
Descriptors: Correlation, Second Language Learning, Personal Autonomy, Reflection