This study examined student health-related fitness (HRF) knowledge and its relationship to physical activity (PA). The participants were undergraduate students from a large U.S. state university. HRF knowledge was assessed using a test consisting of 150 multiple choice items. Differences in HRF knowledge scores by sex, ethnicity, and years in university were examined by ANOVA. The mean HRF knowledge test score of students was 58 out of 150 points. No significant HRF knowledge differences were found by PA levels, sex or by years in university. In conclusion, many university students have yet mastered an adequate amount of HRF knowledge and no significant relationship between HRF knowledge and PA was found. (Contains 2 tables.)