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Direct linkRachel Elizabeth Fish; Kenneth Shores; João M. Souto Maior – Exceptional Children, 2026
This essay provides a two-pronged critical assessment of a subset of the literature on racial disproportionality in special education: that which aims to estimate racial disparities among otherwise similar children. This body of research has shown that Black students are less likely than "comparable" White students to receive special…
Descriptors: Disproportionate Representation, Race, Special Education, African American Students
Peer reviewedGoodman, Libby; Price, Marianne – Exceptional Children, 1980
Seventy-five teachers provided data on the time required to prepare individualized education program (IEP) documents for a sample of 807 exceptional children in a study of the cost required for IEP development. Analysis of the data indicated that a considerable amount of time is invested in the IEP process. (Author/PHR)
Descriptors: Cost Estimates, Data Analysis, Disabilities, Elementary Secondary Education
